The Web Map Application aims at visualising hydrogeological information collected within the WHYMAP project on a global scale. For more regional or country level interest, additional information on available hydrogeological maps is provided.
This Technical Brief looks at spring protection including the catchment area, the immediate area around the spring and the construction of spring boxes. It also highlights two methods of reducing sediments in the water coming from large springs and introduces alternative protection methods to spring boxes.
OXFAM (2008): Spring Protection. Technical Brief. Oxford: Oxfam International URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF
Where access to construction material, tool and skills are limited, construction has to get on with simple and effective measures. This nicely illustrated manual explains how to upgrade small wells by means of constructing a concrete apron using only basic material and very limited equipment.
MORGAN, P. (2011): The Upgraded Family Well. How to Construct. Harare: Aquamor Pvt Ltd. URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF
This book provides a general introduction to a wide range of technologies. Among the topics covered are: planning and management of small water supplies, community water supplies in Central and Eastern European countries, water quality and quantity, integrated water resources management, artificial recharge, rainwater harvesting, spring water tapping, groundwater withdrawal, water lifting, surface water intake, water treatment, aeration, coagulation and flocculation, sedimentation, multi-stage filtration, desalination technology, disinfection, household level water treatment, technologies for arsenic and iron removal from ground water, and emergency and disaster water supply. Chapter 9: Pumping
SMET, J. ; WIJK, C. van (2002): Small Community Water Supplies: Technology, People and Partnership: Pumping - Chapter 9. The Hague: International Water and Sanitation Centre (IRC) URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF
This book is written in a non-technical language and elaborates on the construction of a shallow well, its protection, and the improvement of a traditional well.
LAVER, S. (1970): Well Digging - A Guide to the Construction and Protection of Hand Dug Wells. Eschborn: Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF
This book provides a general introduction to a wide range of technologies. Among the topics covered are: planning and management of small water supplies, community water supplies in Central and Eastern European countries, water quality and quantity, integrated water resources management, artificial recharge, rainwater harvesting, spring water tapping, groundwater withdrawal, water lifting, surface water intake, water treatment, aeration, coagulation and flocculation, sedimentation, multi-stage filtration, desalination technology, disinfection, household level water treatment, technologies for arsenic and iron removal from ground water, and emergency and disaster water supply. Chapter 10: Groundwater Withdrawal
SMET, J. ; WIJK, C. van (2002): Small Community Water Supplies: Technology, People and Partnership: Groundwater Withdrawal - Chapter 10. The Hague: International Water and Sanitation Centre (IRC) URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF
This technical note suggests guidelines for choosing the most appropriate surface water source for a community. It describes methods for measuring the quantity of water available from a surface source, and establishes four priorities for source selection.
WFTW (n.y): Selecting a Source of Surface Water. Technical Note No. RWS. 1.P.3. Washington, D.C.: Water for the World (WFTW), U.S. Agency for International Development URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDFThis manual by the Public Water Supply Systems in Nebraska suggests a step-by-step guide to the completion of the Wellhead protection area management planning process on a community-based level.
Using case studies of wind pump installation projects, the article outlines the challenges facing the dissemination of wind pumps in Africa and the benefits of windpumps to rural and remote areas. Policy options that may improve the dissemination and use of windpumps are proposed.
HARRIES, M. (n.y): Disseminating Windpumps in Rural Kenya – Meeting Rural Water Needs using Locally Manufactured Windpumps. Thika (Kenya): Bob Harries Engineering Limited. URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF
Wells have been used to obtain water since ancient times. Some wells have been in continuous use for hundreds of years. Others are fairly new, but have been built by traditional methods. Good water quality can usually be obtained from a well that is properly constructed, maintained, and used. Some traditional wells are excellent. Others are not and need upgrading.
PICKFORD, J. (1990): Upgrading Traditional Wells. Leicestershire: WEDC, Loughborough University URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF
Helvetas Cameroon has been active for more than 10 years in water catchment protection in the North West Province. In this report a review is presented of the activities performed by Helvetas Cameroon in water catchment protection and the best practises are summarised.
WAARDE, J.J. van der (2004): Helvetas Cameroon Experiances in Catchment Protection Activities. Assessment. Bamenda: Helvetas Cameroon URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF
This comprehensive manual presents different pumps and water lifting techniques and elaborates on technology choice and the role of the institutional framework.
BAUMANN, E. (2000): Water Lifting. (= Series of Manuals on Drinking Water Supply , 7 ). St. Gallen: Swiss Centre for Development Cooperation in Technology and Management (SKAT) URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF
This guidance note points out the strengths and limitations of a number of low cost pumps. It provides an overview of the application, technical details, materials used, installation and maintenance, manufacturing requirements and costs of several low cost pumps, including information on the numbers installed and locations.
BAUMANN, E. (2011): Low-cost Hand Pumps. St. Gallen: Rural Water Supply Network (RWSN) URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF
This guide is intended for local NGO’s and the remote communities they represent, striving to improve the reliability and quality of the community’s drinking water. There are many ways to help a community to improve their drinking water supply. The information in this guide is meant to assist in examining whether or not a solar pumping solution is viable for your particular community.
RATTERMAN, W. COHEN, J. GARWOOD, A. (2007): Solar Pumping Systems (SPS). Introductory and Feasibility Guide. Portland: Green Empowerment URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF
This thesis evaluated various well chlorination systems and assessed the need for chlorination training and awareness raising in peri-urban Monrovia communities.
GARANDEAU, R. (2004): Chlorination for Hand Dug Wells in Peri-urban Monrovia, Liberia. Cranfield: Cranfield University at Silsoe URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF
This highly recommended publication comprises everything regarding the establishment of a water supply system based on (shallow) hand-dug wells for communities in the South. It elaborates on the underlying hydrogeological principles, preparatory investigations, design, construction, operation and maintenance, and it discusses the most common mistakes made in design and construction.
COLLINS, S. (2000): Hand-dug Shallow Wells. (= Series of Manuals on Drinking Water Supply , 5 ). St. Gallen: Swiss Centre for Development Cooperation in Technology and Management (SKAT) URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF
This document provided by Helvetas Cameroon describes an approach for the organisational and technical implementation of water catchment protection. This approach consists of 8 steps including sensitisation, feasibility studies, protection plans, land ownership, implementation, O&M, monitoring, and evaluation. This step-wise approach can be used as a guideline for implementing water catchment activities in village water supply systems.
WAARDE, J. van der MUSA, T.M. ISCHER, M. (n.y): Water Catchment Protection Handbook. (= Learning and Experience Sharing Series , 1 ). Bamenda: Helvetas Cameroon, Swiss Association for International Co-operation URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF
