Planning & Process Tools
- Hardware
- Software
Important Considerations
Planning and Process Tools for Urban Settings
Preparedness / Immediate Response
Water Safety Plans
Water Safety Plans are an improved risk management tool designed to ensure the safety of drinking water through the use of a comprehensive risk…
City Sanitation Plans (CSP)
City Sanitation Plans are strategic planning processes for citywide sanita-tion sector development. Addressing technical and non-technical aspects of…
WASH Needs Assessment
In emergency situations, time pressure constitutes one of the most challenging factors for the design of an adequate response strategy. Within the…
Emergency Preparedness and Contingency Planning
In emergency situations, time pressure constitutes one of the most acute problems. Emergency preparedness and contingency planning allow to deal with…
Programme and Project Design
Just as an engineer does not build a bridge before designing it, a WASH programme should not be implemented without appropriate design and planning…
Exploring Tools
Participatory Mapping
Principally, participatory mapping serves as a tool to provide a visual representation of information in a particular geographical context. It is…
Transect Walk
A transect walk is a systematic walk along a defined path (transect) across the community/project area together with the local people to explore the…
Focus Groups
In a focus group discussion, people from similar backgrounds or experiences (e.g. young women, young men, handicapped, elderly etc.) are brought…
Semi-Structured Interviews
Semi-structured interviews are conducted with a fairly open framework which allows focused, conversational, two-way communication. The interviewer…
Stakeholder Identification
Participatory planning requires the involvement of concerned stakeholders. This includes identifying public concerns and values and developing a…
Stakeholder Importance and Influence
Participatory planning requires the involvement of concerned stakeholders. This includes identifying public concerns and values and developing a…
Stakeholder Interests
Participatory planning requires the involvement of concerned stakeholders. This includes identifying public concerns and values and developing a…
Stakeholder Strategy Plan
Participatory planning requires the involvement of concerned stakeholders. This includes identifying public concerns and values and developing a…
Community-Led Urban Environmental Sanitation (CLUES)
The Community-Led Urban Environmental Sanitation (CLUES) approach presents comprehensive guidelines for the planning and implementation of…
Decision Making Tools
Problem Tree Analysis
The problem, objective and strategy tree analysis is one participatory tool of mapping out main problems, along with their causes and effects,…
Problem & Preference Ranking
Problem/Preference Ranking is a participatory technique that allows analysing and identifying problems or preferences stakeholder share in order to…
Strategy Development
When a community plans to implement sustainable sanitation and water management tools, it is crucial to develop a community strategy defining steps…
Implementation Tools
Logical Framework Approach
The Logical Framework Approach (LFA) is a highly effective strategic planning and project management methodology with wide application. It is…
Project Proposal Writing
A proposal is a request for financial assistance to implement a project. The proposal outlines the plan of the implementing organisation about the…
Budget Allocation and Resource Planning
If you or your organisation is preparing a proposal to apply for funds to carry out a project, there are a number of sections you will have to…
Project Implementation
Implementation simply means carrying out the activities described in your work plan. Executing a project in the water and sanitation sector is a very…
Project Management
All those who have been involved in a project will agree that making a project succeed is not simple. The difficulties are manifold: delays,…
Tools for Ensuring Sustainability
Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation
With growing emphasis on participatory approaches towards development, there has been recognition that monitoring and evaluation (M&E) should…
Using Indicators to Measure Progress and Performance
Progress and performance must be measured to attest a development in a (long term) project. With few, but carefully selected indicators, it is…
Process Documentation
Process documentation records and supports the process itself. Process documentation is not about writing a final report for externals, but about an…
Follow-up of Projects
Despite the importance of internal follow-up of completed projects to ensure sustainability of water and sanitation initiatives, it is usually a…
Operation and Maintenance
Generally, water and sanitation projects experience their most serious problems with operation and maintenance and with cost recovery aspects.…
Sanitation as a Business
Lack of sanitation is a major risk factor, especially for people in developing countries. Problems with sanitation services have led to the…