Affordable water supply technologies
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Affordable water supply technologies
SODIS
When microbially polluted water is exposed to solar light in transparent PET bottles, bacteria, virus and some parasites are inactivated by the solar…
UV-tubes
The bactericidal effect of concentrated ultraviolet (UV) light is used in many areas and in many set-ups. For drinking water treatment, simple,…
WATA®
Chlorination, which means adding active chlorine (sodium hypochlorite) to water, is the most common method used for disinfecting of drinking water.…
Biosand Filter
The biosand filter (BSF) is a simple household water treatment device, which is an innovation on traditional slow sand filters specifically designed…
Chlorination
Water disinfection by chlorination was massively introduced in the early twentieth century. It set off a technological revolution in water treatment…
Colloidal Silver Filter
Colloidal Silver Filters (CSF) are simple household water treatment devices based on a physical treatment, which does not require energy supply. CSFs…
Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS)
Lack of improved access to safe drinking water together inadequate sanitation and hygiene are the overwhelming contributors to the 1.8 million annual…
Ceramic Candle Filter
Ceramic candle filters are simple devices made out of clay and used to filter drinking water in order to removes turbidity, suspended materials and…
Straining and Filtration
Straining is a very simple method of filtration. In this process, water is poured through a piece of cloth, which removes some of the suspended silt…
Solar Pasteurisation
Contrary to belief, it is not necessary to boil certain water to make it safe to drink. Heating water to 65°C (149°F) for 6 minutes, or to a higher…
Water Quality Testing
In many parts of the world, water is not safe enough to drink. There are basic qualitative observations that quickly determine if water is not safe…
Rainwater Harvesting (Rural)
Rooftop rainwater harvesting (RTRWH) is the most common technique of rainwater harvesting (RWH) for domestic consumption. In rural areas, this is…
Rainwater Harvesting (Urban)
Rooftop rainwater harvesting (RTRWH) is the most common technique of rainwater harvesting (RWH) for domestic consumption. It can be done easily,…
Fog Drip
Fog harvesting provides a cheap complementary water source for arid and semiarid, rural regions. As the wind blows the fog through specially designed…
Manual Pumping
Hand pumps are water-lifting devices that can be operated manually to withdraw water from surface water sources, groundwater sources and reservoirs,…
Leakage Control
Water leakage is an important component of water losses. Many methods for controlling leakage from urban water supply systems have emerged, but it…
Advanced Filters
Advanced point-of-use filter systems of various designs, costs and effectiveness are today readily available all over the world. While these systems…
Desalination
The chemical process of changing seawater into potable or fresh water is called desalination. Thermal distillation and membrane processes are the two…
Arsenic Removal Technologies
Safe Storage
The health implications of inadequate water and sanitation services include an estimated 4 billion cases of diarrhoea and 1.9 million deaths each…
Drilled Wells
Drilled wells can serve as a low-cost water supply for single households, for small rural communities and for more urban areas. The working principle…