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Further Resources: Water Sources Hardware
- Hardware
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Further Resources: Water Sources Hardware
Rainwater Harvesting (Rural)
Rooftop rainwater harvesting (RTRWH) is the most common technique of rainwater harvesting (RWH) for domestic consumption. In rural areas, this is…
Rainwater Harvesting (Urban)
Rooftop rainwater harvesting (RTRWH) is the most common technique of rainwater harvesting (RWH) for domestic consumption. It can be done easily,…
Bunds
Bunds are among the most common techniques used in agriculture to collect surface run-off, increase water infiltration and prevent soil erosion.…
Field Trenches
Field trenches increase precipitation harvesting by breaking the slope of the ground and therefore reducing the velocity of water runoff. By…
Planting Pits
Planting pits are used as a precipitation harvesting method to prevent water runoff and thereby increase infiltration and reduce erosion. Basically,…
Micro Basins
Micro basins are a common technique used in agriculture to collect surface run-off, increase water infiltration and prevent soil erosion. Their…
Sand Dams and Subsurface Dams
Sand dams and subsurface dams (both some times called more general groundwater dams) store water under the ground. A sand dam is a small dam build…
Conjunctive Use
Conjunctive use of water relates to the combined use of ground and surface water. Due to the augmented water source, higher water reliability can be…
Check Dams & Gully Plugs
Gully plugs, also called check dams, are mainly built to prevent erosion and to settle sediments and pollutants. Furthermore, it is possible to keep…
Controlled Drainage
Controlled drainage is a precipitation harvesting method used to reduce short-term water related stress on plants, such as during flooding or drought…
Fog Drip
Fog harvesting provides a cheap complementary water source for arid and semiarid, rural regions. As the wind blows the fog through specially designed…
Rivers
River water is an important surface water resource for households, agriculture (e.g. irrigation, animal husbandry) and industry (e.g. processing…
Lakes
Lakes are surface water sources, with water levels changing depending on the seasons. Lakes usually play an important role in the supply of water for…
Man-made Reservoirs
Man-made reservoirs, sometimes called artificial lakes, are important water sources in many countries around the world. In contrast to natural…
Springs
When groundwater makes its way to the earth’s surface and emerges as small water holes or wet spots, this feature is referred to as a spring. The use…
Dug Wells
The traditional and still most common method of obtaining groundwater in rural areas of the developing world is by means of hand-dug wells (WATERAID…
Manual Pumping
Hand pumps are water-lifting devices that can be operated manually to withdraw water from surface water sources, groundwater sources and reservoirs,…
Mechanised Pumping
Mechanised pumps are water-lifting devices used to withdraw water from surface water sources, groundwater sources and reservoirs or to pump water…
Desalination
The chemical process of changing seawater into potable or fresh water is called desalination. Thermal distillation and membrane processes are the two…
Well Development & Rehabilitation
Well development of drilled wells is a part of normal well drilling procedure after the completion of the well and before the final disinfection. It…
Drilled Wells
Drilled wells can serve as a low-cost water supply for single households, for small rural communities and for more urban areas. The working principle…
Water Source Protection
The source of drinking water can be either surface water based (lakes, rivers and streams) or groundwater based (aquifers). Water is always found in…
Retention Basin
Retention basins are predominantly used for storm water control and treatment. Rainwater is stored in a pond, which further filters through the…
Bank Filtration
Bank filtration (BF) is a drinking water pre-treatment step, where river water is induced to percolate in subsurface passage through a river bed and…
Surface Groundwater Recharge
Groundwater recharge is an engineered process of replenishing the aquifer with water from the surface at an exceeding rate than the natural recharge…
Subsurface Groundwater Recharge
Artificial subsurface groundwater recharge is a process to capture lost water due to runoff and evaporation in the areas where groundwater supplies…