Library

This report by UNEP provides an overview of current major water quality contaminants and the human activities that affect water quality. It details the impacts that poor water quality has on the environment, human health, and vulnerable communities, and quantifies the economic costs of poor water quality. Il also offers insights into specific solutions available to address water quality problems.

UNEP (2010): Clearing the Waters. A Focus on Water Quality Solutions. Oakland: United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF

Hand dug wells may need repairing, cleaning and disinfecting after inundation by flood- or seawater or after long periods of insufficient maintenance. This Technical Brief elaborates on the process of repairing; cleaning and disinfecting hand dug wells and also discusses the OXFAM kits, which can be used for this purpose.

OXFAM (n.y): Repairing, Cleaning and Disinfection Hand Dug Wells. OXFAM Technical Briefs. Washington D.C.: Oxfam International Advocacy URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF

ELSON, B. FRANCEYS, R. SHAW, R. (n.y): Maintaining handpumps. Leicestershire: WECD Loughborough University URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF

This technical note describes the planning needed to use surface water (as well as spring water) sources in terms of various planning steps: recognising the problem, organising community support, setting objectives, etc.

WFTW (n.y): Planning How to Use Sources of Surface Water. Technical Note No. RWS. 1.P.1. Washington, D.C: Water for the World (WFTW), U.S. Agency for International Development URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF

This well-illustrated publication provides information on most aspects of well management: basics of groundwater hydrology, water well development (including planning, design, construction, management and maintenance), and well protection are introduced in very clear language and by means of nice graphs and illustrations.

MANCE, E. (n.y): A Landowner’s Guide to Water Wall Management. Ottawa: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF

This field manual brings together knowledge of the technique of upgrading simple shallow wells. The simple technique of upgrading simple shallow wells has been investigated and tested by staff of the Blair Research Laboratory and subsequently by staff of the Mvuramanzi Trust for many years. It is now well established in many areas of Zimbabwe.

MORGAN, P. (1995): Upgraded Well Manual for Field Workers. Harare: Mvuramanzi Trust URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF

GCC (2011): Well Aware. A Guide for Well Owners. Peterborough: Green Communities Canada (GCC) URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF

The Ministry of Local Government and Housing, in consultation and collaboration with key stakeholders, has formulated National Guidelines to improve the utilisation of water resources on a sustainable basis through effective O&M. These guidelines are based on the experiences of implementation of rural water supply projects in Zambia.

MLGH (2007): Zambia - National Guidelines for Sustainable Operation and Maintenance of Hand Pumps in Rural Areas. Zambia: Ministry of Local Government and Housing (MLGH) URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF

https://akvopedia.org/wiki/Water_Portal [Visita: 08.03.2019]

Akvopedia is an open water and sanitation resource. Although the focus is more on sanitation, the water portal section provides many factsheets on different pumping methods and power sources.

CONSERVATION ONTARIO (2009): Wellhead Protection Areas. Newmarket: Conservation Ontario URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF

The construction of a spring box is both complex and costly. However, it may not be necessary at all. This short publication suggests an alternative construction to a conventional spring box.

SKINNER, B. SHAW, R. (n.y): Protecting Springs – An Alternative to Spring Boxes. (= Running Water , 34 ). Leicestershire: Water, Engineering and Development Centre (WEDC), Loughborough University URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF

ERICKSON, H. (n.y): Protected dug well in Gulu (Uganda). Gulu (Uganda): AFAR URL [Visita: 08.03.2019]

The Water Handbook is the result of wide collaboration within UNICEF. It provides a broad overview of state-of-the-art programming for water management, protection and supply.

UNICEF (1999): A Water Handbook. (= Water, Environment and Sanitation Technical Guidelines , 2 ). New York: United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF

https://www.rural-water-supply.net/en/sustainable-groundwater-management/handpump-technologies [Visita: 08.03.2019]

The Rural Water Supply Network is a global knowledge network for rural water supply technologies and approaches. The website provides many excellent publications on various topics on rural development, particularly on hand pumping technologies. This section presents an overview of the different manual pumps for drinking water.

https://open.alberta.ca/dataset/e8c23e06-5b45-4fbe-86b8-726a86b12238/resource/a95cc618-6ec1-4f54-85d6-9edc9868e9c9/download/2013-716-a10.pdf [Visita: 08.03.2019]

This workbook, compiled by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, and the Government of Alberta, contains 12 modules helping you to ensure long-term operability of your well. Regarding well protection, particularly modules 6, 8, 9 and 10 are of interest.

A wide range of different hand pump models is presented. For each model, pictures, schemes and detailed descriptions including information on materials, manufacturing, maintenance and technical performance is provided.

BAUMANN, E. ERPF, K. (2005): Technology Options – Handpumps, Mechanised Pumps and Surface Water. St. Gallen: Rural Water Supply Network (RWSN) URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF

A study was commissioned by the Ministry of Mines and Energy (MME) through the Namibian Renewable Energy Programme (NAMREP) to examine the cost effectiveness of solar water pumps compared to diesel water pumps. The study provides an overview of water provision technologies for water supplies in rural Namibia where no piped or open water is available and where the water needs are serviced primarily through boreholes.

EMCON (2006): Feasibility Assessment for the Replacement of Diesel Water Pumps with Solar Water Pumps. Final Report. Windhoek: Ministry of Mines and Energy, Namibia URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF

This document contains a general guide for local Rope Pump manufacture. It addresses readers interested in this appropriate technology for water lifting that consider introducing the Rope Pump locally. Only generic features of the Rope Pump Concept are explained and hints for successful pump production are given.

ERPF, K. (2005): The Rope Pump Concept. St. Gallen: Rural Water Supply Network (RWSN) URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF

A safe drinking water supply is critical to the well being of the community and catchment protection is necessary to help avoid, minimise or manage risks to water quality. This document analyses the current situation of two springs in Australia and proposes how protection could be enhanced and implemented.

DOW (2007): Leeuwin Spring Catchment Area and Fisher Road Wellfield Water Reserve Drinking Water Source Protection Plan. Perth: Department of Water (DOW) URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF

This technical brief highlights the main features of wind pumps.

NOBLE, N. (2008): Windpumping. Rugby: Practical Action. URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF