This well-illustrated publication provides information on most aspects of well management: basics of groundwater hydrology, water well development (including planning, design, construction, management and maintenance), and well protection are introduced in very clear language and by means of nice graphs and illustrations.
MANCE, E. (n.y): A Landowner’s Guide to Water Wall Management. Ottawa: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF
This technical note describes the planning needed to use surface water (as well as spring water) sources in terms of various planning steps: recognising the problem, organising community support, setting objectives, etc.
WFTW (n.y): Planning How to Use Sources of Surface Water. Technical Note No. RWS. 1.P.1. Washington, D.C: Water for the World (WFTW), U.S. Agency for International Development URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF
The Ministry of Local Government and Housing, in consultation and collaboration with key stakeholders, has formulated National Guidelines to improve the utilisation of water resources on a sustainable basis through effective O&M. These guidelines are based on the experiences of implementation of rural water supply projects in Zambia.
MLGH (2007): Zambia - National Guidelines for Sustainable Operation and Maintenance of Hand Pumps in Rural Areas. Zambia: Ministry of Local Government and Housing (MLGH) URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDF
This field manual brings together knowledge of the technique of upgrading simple shallow wells. The simple technique of upgrading simple shallow wells has been investigated and tested by staff of the Blair Research Laboratory and subsequently by staff of the Mvuramanzi Trust for many years. It is now well established in many areas of Zimbabwe.
MORGAN, P. (1995): Upgraded Well Manual for Field Workers. Harare: Mvuramanzi Trust URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDFAkvopedia is an open water and sanitation resource. Although the focus is more on sanitation, the water portal section provides many factsheets on different pumping methods and power sources.
The construction of a spring box is both complex and costly. However, it may not be necessary at all. This short publication suggests an alternative construction to a conventional spring box.
SKINNER, B. SHAW, R. (n.y): Protecting Springs – An Alternative to Spring Boxes. (= Running Water , 34 ). Leicestershire: Water, Engineering and Development Centre (WEDC), Loughborough University URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDFThis workbook, compiled by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, and the Government of Alberta, contains 12 modules helping you to ensure long-term operability of your well. Regarding well protection, particularly modules 6, 8, 9 and 10 are of interest.
The Water Handbook is the result of wide collaboration within UNICEF. It provides a broad overview of state-of-the-art programming for water management, protection and supply.
UNICEF (1999): A Water Handbook. (= Water, Environment and Sanitation Technical Guidelines , 2 ). New York: United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) URL [Visita: 08.03.2019] PDFThe Rural Water Supply Network is a global knowledge network for rural water supply technologies and approaches. The website provides many excellent publications on various topics on rural development, particularly on hand pumping technologies. This section presents an overview of the different manual pumps for drinking water.
Desalination has become one of the main sources of water in most of the countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. All MENA countries lie in the Sunbelt region and have the space needed by solar technologies. Success in implementing solar technologies in desalination depends on the progress made or to be made to economically convert solar energy into electrical and thermal energies.
QUTEISHAT, K. ABU-ARABI, M. (2004): Promotion of Solar Desalination in the MENA Region. Muscat: Middle East Desalination Research Center URL [Visita: 07.03.2019] PDF
This article presents the state-of-the-art technologies in theworld desalination market. Modern techniques are described in detail and a critical comparison between different techniques is presented, taking into account economical and geographic criteria.
TATA-DUCRU, F. (2009): Dessalement de l’Eau de Mer: Bilan des Dernieres Avancés Technologiques; Bilan Economique; Analyse Critique en Fonction des Contextes. Paris: Agence Francaise de Developpement URL [Visita: 07.03.2019] PDFLanguage: Spanish
In this paper, a mathematical model is presented to calculate the impact of desalination plants on salinity within a semi-enclosed sea of simple geometry.
PURNAMA, A. ; AL-BARWANI, H.H. ; SMITH, R. (2005): Calculating the Environmental Cost of Seawater Desalination in the Arabian Marginal Seas. Entradas: Elsevier Desalination 185: Volume 185 , 79-86. URL [Visita: 07.03.2019] PDF
This paper describes the use of solar thermally driven stand-alone desalination systems adapted to remote areas based on membrane distillation. The aim is to develop systems for a capacity ranging from 0.2 to 20 m3/day. Technical simplicity, long maintenance-free operation periods and high quality output are the important parameters that will enable successful application of the systems.
KOSCHIKOWSKI, J. ; WIEGHAUS, M. ; ROMMEL, M. (2003): Solar thermal-driven desalination plants based on membrane distillation. Entradas: Elsevier Desalination : Volume 156 , 298-304. URL [Visita: 07.03.2019] PDF
This paper presents a review of the highlights that have been achieved during the recent years and the state-of-the-art for most important efforts in the field of desalination by renewable energy, with emphasis on solar energy applications.
MATIOULAKIS, E. ; BELESSIOTIS, V. ; DELYANNIS, E. (2007): Desalination by using Alternative Energy: Review of State of the Art. Entradas: Elsevier Desalination : Volume 203 , 346-365. URL [Visita: 07.03.2019] PDF
