Library

https://www.rural-water-supply.net/en/sustainable-groundwater-management/manual-drilling [Accessed: 11.03.2019]

The Rural Water Supply Network is a global knowledge network for rural water supply technologies and approaches. The website provides many excellent publications on various topics on rural development, particularly on hand drilled wells. This section presents an overview of the scale and type of hand drilling activity being undertaken in selected countries and the organisations involved.

As the quality of water can be seriously affected by a disaster or an emergency, it is best practice to disinfect all emergency water supplies. The most common way of disinfecting is with chlorine. This technical note explains why disinfection is important, why chlorine is used, how it works, how to test for its presence and where and when to test.

REED, B. (2011): Measuring Chlorine Levels in Water Supplies. Technical Notes on WASH in Emergencies #11. Leicestershire: Water, Engineering and Development Centre (WEDC) URL [Accessed: 11.03.2019] PDF

This RURAL WATER SUPPLY DESIGN MANUAL is the first of three related volumes prepared for the use of prospective and actual owners, operators, managements, technical staff, consultants, government planners and contractors of small Level III and Level II water supply systems in the Philippines.

THE WORLD BANK (2012): Rural Water Supply Design Manual. Volume I. Manila: The World Bank Office Manila URL [Accessed: 11.03.2019] PDF

This field note is written for water well drilling enterprises as well as other agencies, which manage, or are involved in drilling projects. Using a step-by-step approach it gives clear guidance on how to cost and price the construction of drilled water wells. It also provides tips on business management with an emphasis of the realities faced in many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa.

DANERT, K. LUUTU, A. CARTER, R. OLSCHWESKI, A. (2010): Costing and Pricing. A Guide for Water Well Drilling Enterprises. St. Gallen: Rural Water Supply Network (RWSN) URL [Accessed: 11.03.2019] PDF

As the quality of water can be seriously affected by a disaster or an emergency, it is best practice to disinfect all emergency water supplies. The most common way of disinfecting is with chlorine. This technical note explains why disinfection is important, why chlorine is used, how it works, how to test for its presence and where and when to test.

REED, B. (2013): Measuring Chlorine Levels in Water Supplies. Technical Notes on WASH in Emergencies #11. Geneva: World Health Organization (WHO) URL [Accessed: 11.03.2019] PDF

This booklet seeks to suggest ways in which funds can be better used for making safe water available to the poor by illustrating how drilling costs can be reduced without compromising water quality, water quantity, or the productive life of the borehole.

WURZEL, P. (2001): Drilling Boreholes for Handpumps. (= Working Papers on Water Supply and Environmental Sanitation , 2 ). St. Gallen: Swiss Centre for Development Cooperation in Technology and Management (SKAT) URL [Accessed: 11.03.2019] PDF

Part 2 of this manual provides detailed drawings of the equipment used for Rota sludge and stone hammer method.

HERWIJNEN, A. van (2005): Rota Sludge & Stone Hammer Drilling Part Two. Production Manual. Leusden: ETC Foundation URL [Accessed: 11.03.2019] PDF

NGWA (2009): Water Well Rehabilitation. Private Wells and Public Water Systems. Westerville, OH: National Ground Water Association (NGWA) URL [Accessed: 11.03.2019] PDF

Well rehabilitation is defined as restoring a well to its most efficient condition by various treatments or reconstruction methods (groundwater and wells). This continuing education unit discusses the causes of deteriorating well performance and methods, both traditional and more recently introduced methods.

ISWD (n.y): Well Rehabilitation. Lakeland, FL: International School of Well Drilling (ISWD) URL [Accessed: 11.03.2019] PDF

The Code of Practice sets out nine principles that relate directly to the practicalities of borehole construction. They should be adhered to in order to provide cost-effective boreholes.

DANERT, K. ARMSTRONG, T. ADEKILE, D. DUFFAU, B. OUEDRAOGO, I. KWEI, C. (2010): Code of Practice for Cost Effective Boreholes. St. Gallen: Rural Water Supply Network (RWSN) URL [Accessed: 11.03.2019] PDF

Many people living in coastal regions rely on shallow groundwater for their water supply. Seawater flooding after a severe storm or tsunami can damage wells and contaminate the groundwater. This technical note provides advice for rehabilitating wells in such circumstances.

VILHOLTH (2011): Cleaning Wells after Seawater Flooding. Technical Notes on WASH in Emergencies #15. Leicestershire: Water, Engineering and Development Centre (WEDC) URL [Accessed: 11.03.2019] PDF

This technical brief outlines simple, low-cost drilling methods, which may be used in various situations.

ELSON, B. SHAW, R. (1995): Simple Drilling Methods. Leicestershire: Water, Engineering and Development Centre (WEDC), Loughborough University URL [Accessed: 11.03.2019] PDF

This study reviews the situation in the drilling sector in Tanzania, assesses options, and identifies support areas.

BAUMANN, E. BALL, P. BEYENE, A. (2005): Rationalization of Drilling Operations in Tanzania. Review of the Borehole Drilling Sector in Tanzania. St. Gallen: Rural Water Supply Network (RWSN) URL [Accessed: 11.03.2019] PDF

The Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) is advising well owners that private water wells contaminated with floodwater can pose a health risk. This brochure proposes what measures should be taken to protect wells from flooding.

MDH (2011): Flood Precautions For Private Water Wells. St. Paul, MN: Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) URL [Accessed: 11.03.2019] PDF

This field note has been written for managers of water supply programmes and projects. It provides a step-by-step guide on the siting of drilled water wells. As a first step, the essential requirements for a simple groundwater model are set out, including some basic explanations to help the reader establish a sound understanding of hydrogeology.

CARTER, R. CHILTON, J. DANERT, K. OLSCHEWSKI, A. (2010): Siting of Drilled Water Wells. A Guide for Project Managers. St. Gallen: Rural Water Supply Network (RWSN) URL [Accessed: 11.03.2019] PDF

RWSN, with support of the Water and Sanitation Programme of the World Bank (WSP-AF) is supporting the formation of a Nigerian Drillers Association. This report provides an overview of the Nigerian drilling environment and sets out the first stage of the process of establishing the association.

ADEKILE, D. (2007): The Drilling Environment and Establishing a Drillers Association in Nigeria. Summary Report. St. Gallen: Rural Water Supply Network (RWSN) URL [Accessed: 11.03.2019] PDF

https://akvopedia.org/wiki/Water_Portal [Accessed: 08.03.2019]

Akvopedia is an open water and sanitation resource. Although the focus is more on sanitation, the water portal section provides many factsheets on different pumping methods and power sources.

CONSERVATION ONTARIO (2009): Wellhead Protection Areas. Newmarket: Conservation Ontario URL [Accessed: 08.03.2019] PDF

The construction of a spring box is both complex and costly. However, it may not be necessary at all. This short publication suggests an alternative construction to a conventional spring box.

SKINNER, B. SHAW, R. (n.y): Protecting Springs – An Alternative to Spring Boxes. (= Running Water , 34 ). Leicestershire: Water, Engineering and Development Centre (WEDC), Loughborough University URL [Accessed: 08.03.2019] PDF

ERICKSON, H. (n.y): Protected dug well in Gulu (Uganda). Gulu (Uganda): AFAR URL [Accessed: 08.03.2019]