يُصنع مِرحاض الدفْق بالسيفون Cistern Flush Toilet عادةً من الخزف، وهو واجهة مُستخدم تُصنع بكميات كبيرة بواسطة المصانع، ويتكوّن مِرحاض الدفْق من: خزان للمياه (سيفون، أو صندوق طرد) إذ يوفر مياه الشطف لتنظيف المِرحاض، وفتحة سفلية تُودع بها فضلات الجسم.
يتميز مِرحاض الدفْق بالسيفون بدمجه للحاجز المائي Water Seal (أو كوع الرائحة) ؛ لمنع الروائح من الارتداد مرة أخرى من خلال أنابيب السباكة. أما المياه المُخزَّنة في السيفون Cistern الموجود أعلى فتحة المِرحاض فيتم إطلاقها عن طريق سحب أو دفع المقبض. وهذا يسمح للماء بالجريان إلى فتحة المِرحاض والاختلاط بفضلات الجسم وحملها للتخلص منها.
| المُدخلات | المُخرَجات |
|---|---|
البراز، البول، مياه تنظيف المرحاض، (مياه تنظيف الشرج)، (مواد التطهير الجافة) |
المياه السوداء |
لا يجب التفكير في مِرحاض الدفْق إلا إذا توفرت محليًّا كل الوصلات واللوازم والملحقات والأدوات الخاصة. ويجب أن يتصل مِرحاض الدفْق بمصدر دائم للمياه من أجل الدفْق، كما يجب أن يتصل أيضًا بإحدى تقنيات الجمع والتخزين/المُعالجة أو النقل وذلك لاستقبال المياه السوداء. ويناسب مِرحاض الدفْق الاستخدامات الخاصة والعامة على حد سواء.
تُستخدم المراحيض الحديثة من 6 إلى 9 لترات من المياه للدفْق بينما صُمِمَت النماذج القديمة لاستخدام كميات أكبر من مياه الدفْق تصل إلى 20 لترًا. تتوفر حاليًا أنواع مختلفة من مراحيض الدفْق التي تستخدم كميات أقل من 3 لترات من المياه للدفْق. وفي بعض الحالات نجد أن كمية المياه المُستخدمة للدفْق لا تكفي لإفراغ فتحة المِرحاض، وبالتالي علَى المُستخدم أن يسحب السيفون مرتين أو أكثر لتنظيف فتحة المِرحاض جيدًا، مما يناقض الغرض الأساسي وهو ترشيد استهلاك المياه.
يتطلب تركيب مِرحاض الدفْق سبّاكًا ذو خبرة، وعليه التأكد من أن كل الصمامات متصلة بشكل صحيح، ومحكمة الإغلاق كما ينبغي، وبالتالي سيُضمن الحد من التسرب.
مِرحاض آمن ومريح في الاستخدام بشرط الحفاظ على نظافته.
على الرغم من أن مياه الدفْق تشطف فتحة المِرحاض باستمرار إلا أنه ينبغى أن يتم غسل المِرحاض للتنظيف، وأن يحدث ذلك بانتظام للحفاظ على النظافة الصحية، ولمنع تراكم الأوساخ. كما تُعتبر الصيانة مطلوبة لاستبدال أو إصلاح بعض الأجزاء الميكانيكية أو الوصلات، ويجب أن تُجمع المُنتجات التي تُستخدم للنظافة أثناء الطمث في صندوق منفصل.
الصرف الصحي الموقعي والمركزي - للمدن والتجمعات السكانية الصغيرة
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