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Pressure Sewer System.

The Schoalhaven City Council describes the system of pressurised sewering and its experiences.

SCHOALHAVEN WATER (n.y): Pressure Sewer System.. Shoalhaven: Shoalhaven City Council URL [Visita: 29.05.2019]
Vacuum Technology (Low Pressure Systems)

This technical data sheet contains a general description as well as detailed information on different types of vacuum technologies.

GTZ (2005): Vacuum Technology (Low Pressure Systems). (= Technical Data Sheets for Ecosan Components, 04-B1 ). Eschborn: German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ) GmbH URL [Visita: 29.05.2019]
Pressure Sewer System

This factsheet gives an overview about pressure sewer systems. It is illustrated with graphics and photos.

WERF (2010): Pressure Sewer System. Alexandria, Virginia: Water Environment Research Federation URL [Visita: 29.05.2019]
The Impact of Densification by Means of Informal Shacks in the Backyards of Low-Cost Houses on the Environment and Service Delivery in Cape Town, South Africa

This paper investigates the state-sponsored low cost housing provided to previously disadvantaged communities in the City of Cape Town, South Africa. The design of state-subsidised houses and the construction of unplanned housing in the backyard added enormous pressure on the existing municipal infrastructure and the environment. Municipal water, sewerage systems and solid waste disposal cannot cope with the increased population density combined with the poor sanitation behaviour of the inhabitants of these settlements. The low-cost housing program in South Africa requires improved management and prudent policies to cope with the densification of state-funded low-cost housing settlements.

GOVENDER, T. BARNES, J.M. PIEPER, C.H. (2011): The Impact of Densification by Means of Informal Shacks in the Backyards of Low-Cost Houses on the Environment and Service Delivery in Cape Town, South Africa. Auckland: Libertas Academica URL [Visita: 29.05.2019]
Wastewater Alternative for Coastal Conditions

In the coastal area of Holden Beach (North Carolina), an AIRVAC vacuum wastewater collection system offers installation and operation advantages compared with gravity systems.

GARRET, C.S. (2008): Wastewater Alternative for Coastal Conditions. ceNEWS URL [Visita: 29.05.2019]
Informed Choice Catalogue

This informed choice catalogue for community based wastewater treatment technologies helps to identify suitable sanitation options and facilitates the assessment of different sanitation system components with regard to stakeholder preferences. A powerful tool for technical bottom-up planning giving overall information about technical options at a "glance".

SANIMAS (2005): Informed Choice Catalogue. pdf presentation. BORDA and USAID URL [Visita: 29.05.2019]
RoeVac Vacuum Sewer System

These pages describe advantages, applications, the functional principle and technical components of vacuum sewer systems.

ROEDIGER (2007): RoeVac Vacuum Sewer System. Hanau: Roediger Vacuum GmbH URL [Visita: 29.05.2019]
Engineering Low Pressure Grinder Pump Sewer Systems

Kennedy/Jenks Consultants was asked to solve a common waterfront problem – failing septic systems. After analysing the situation, the experts chose a grinder pump system.

MAYHEW, C. FITZWATER, R. (1998): Engineering Low Pressure Grinder Pump Sewer Systems. United States: Kennedy/Jenks Consultants URL [Visita: 29.05.2019]
Common Failure Modes in Pressurised Pipeline Systems

This paper summarise the most common types of field failure modes in water supply mains and pressure sewers and associated fittings and appurtenances.

WSAA (2003): Common Failure Modes in Pressurised Pipeline Systems. Melbourne and Sidney: Water Services Association of Australia URL [Visita: 29.05.2019]
Pressure Sewer

This wastewater technology fact sheet is a detailed description of the pressurised sewer system. This factsheet describes the pressurised sewer system as an alternative option to conventional sewers. It describes the system as well as advantages/disadvantages, performance, costs and applicability.

U.S. EPA (2002): Pressure Sewer. Pennsylvania: United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) URL [Visita: 29.05.2019]
No more overloaded sewer systems

Over the coming 90 years, combined sewer systems will be phased out in the Municipality of Aalborg. Instead, the Municipality will introduce separate systems for stormwater and sewage.

LADEN, B. (2010): No more overloaded sewer systems. Copenhagen: Information Center for Climate Change Adaptation, Danish Ministry of Climate and Energy, Danish Energy Agency URL [Visita: 28.05.2019]
FS Management – Review of Practices, Problems and Initiatives

A study on management and institutional aspects regarding the challenges and possible improvements in managing faecal sludge.

STRAUSS, M. MONTANGERO, A. (2002): FS Management – Review of Practices, Problems and Initiatives. London and Duebendorf: DFID Project R8056, Capacity Building for Effective Decentralised Wastewater Management, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science (EAWAG), Department of Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries (SANDEC) URL [Visita: 28.05.2019]
PC Based Simplified Sewer Design

The purpose of this document is to disseminate the simplified sewer technology more widely in the developing world, so that it can be used in peri-urban sanitation programmes and projects to improve health of poor communities. The document contains chapters on theory, planning and also practical advice.

MARA, D. SLEIGH, A. (2001): PC Based Simplified Sewer Design. Leeds: University of Leeds URL [Visita: 28.05.2019]
MAPET. A neighbourhood based pit emptying service with locally manufactured hand pump equipment in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

This document is the final report of the MAPET project in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Project objectives were to contribute to the improvement of environmental sanitation in unplanned areas by facilitating an effective and hygienic pit emptying services, and to improve the informal traditional pit emptying method by making it more efficient and hygienic.

MULLER, M.S. RIJNSBURGER J. (1992): MAPET. A neighbourhood based pit emptying service with locally manufactured hand pump equipment in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Gouda: WASTE advisers on urban environment and development URL [Visita: 28.05.2019]