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An urinal is used only for collecting urine. Urinals are generally for men, although models for women have also been developed. Most urinals use…
Last updated 13 May 2019
The separate collection of urine allows to reduce water used in toilets for flushing and to collect the nutrients contained in the urine in order to…
Last updated 31 May 2019
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Last updated 07 February 2018
Separately collected and hygienised urine is a concentrated source of nutrients which can be applied as a liquid fertilizer in agriculture to replace…
Last updated 27 May 2019
Urine makes up less than 0.5 % of household wastewater but contains most of the essential plant nutrients N, P and K. Waterless urinals or urine…
Last updated 31 May 2019
When urine cannot be used immediately or transported using a conveyance technology (i.e. [8287-jerrycans]) it can be stored onsite in containers or…
Last updated 31 May 2019
A urine-diverting dry toilet (UDDT) is a toilet that operates without water and has a divider so that the user, with little effort, can divert the…
Last updated 11 May 2019
The urine-diverting flush toilet (UDFT) is similar in appearance to a cistern flush toilet except for the diversion in the bowl. The toilet bowl has…
Last updated 12 May 2019
Progress and performance must be measured to attest a development in a (long term) project. With few, but carefully selected indicators, it is…
Last updated 19 June 2019
Last updated 27 April 2018
Last updated 27 April 2018
The bactericidal effect of concentrated ultraviolet (UV) light is used in many areas and in many set-ups. For drinking water treatment, simple,…
Last updated 14 June 2019
Vacuum sewerage systems consist of a vacuum station, where the vacuum is generated, the vacuum pipeline system, collection chambers with collection…
Last updated 29 May 2019
Vacuum toilets are flush toilets that use suction for the removal of faeces and urine resulting in a minimal requirement of water (0.5 to 1.5 litres…
Last updated 13 May 2019
Value capture stands for value based pricing and revenue management. The concept entails how a safe water enterprise is monetising its business model…
Last updated 12 August 2019