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Sanitation Systems Perspective

Sanitation Systems Perspective

What is the Sanitation Systems Perspective?

It is an interactive version of eawag's Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies, a compilation of appropriate sanitation technologies, plus a tool for combining technologies in a full system.

The Perspective's popularity is its brevity - ordering and structuring a huge range of information on tried and tested technologies. As in the first edition we present only proven technologies that are appropriate for low- and middle-income settings. Also, we include only "improved" sanitation technologies, featuring safe, hygienic, and accessible sanitation. In this eCompendium Perspective we present the whole range of urban, peri-urban and rural technologies (e.g. from simple pits to conventional sewers).

The Compendium is also available in French, Spanish, Vietnamese and Nepalese – check the Eawag-Sandec page regularly for the publication of the Russian and Arabic editions!

Who is the target audience?

Engineers, planners, decision-makers, NGO staff and students concerned with sanitation in low and middle income countries.

What is the purpose?

A digital platform that offers easily accessible information and facilitates decision-making on sanitation systems and technologies.

How to Use

The eCompendium is divided into two main parts which are cross-referenced: 1) The Sanitation System Templates and 2) The Technology Information…
5 Factsheets
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Terminology

This Compendium defines sanitation as a multi-step process in which human excreta and wastewater are managed from the point of generation to the…
4 Factsheets
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Sanitation Systems

This part of the Compendium explains in detail how the system templates are read and used, and includes a presentation of the different templates.…
9 Factsheets
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Sanitation Technologies

54 Factsheets
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Dehydration Vaults

Dehydration vaults are used to collect, store and dry (dehydrate) faeces. Faeces will only dehydrate when the vaults are well ventilated, watertight…

Twin Pits for Pour Flush

This technology consists of two alternating pits connected to a pour flush toilet. The blackwater (and in some cases greywater) is collected in the…

Imhoff Tank

The Imhoff tank is a primary treatment technology for raw wastewater, designed for solid-liquid separation and digestion of the settled sludge. It…

Free-Water Surface Constructed Wetland

A free-water surface constructed wetland aims to replicate the naturally occurring processes of a natural wetland, marsh or swamp. As water slowly…

Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland

A horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlandis a large gravel and sand-filled basin that is planted with wetland vegetation. As wastewater flows…

Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland

A vertical flow constructed wetland is a planted filter bed that is drained at the bottom. Wastewater is poured or dosed onto the surface from above…

Sedimentation/ Thickening Ponds

Sedimentation or thickening ponds are settling ponds that allow sludge to thicken and dewater. The effluent is removed and treated, while the…

Transfer Station (Underground Holding Tank)

Transfer stations or underground holding tanks act as intermediate dumping points for faecal sludge when it cannot be easily transported to a (Semi…

Application of Pit Humus and Compost

Compost is the soil-like substance resulting from the controlled aerobic degradation of organics. Pit humus is the term used to describe the…

Floating Plant Pond

A floating plant pond is a modified maturation pond with floating (macrophyte) plants. Plants such as water hyacinths or duckweed float on the…

Irrigation

To reduce dependence on freshwater and maintain a constant source of water for irrigation throughout the year, wastewater of varying quality can be…

Water Disposal / Groundwater Recharge

Treated effluent and/or stormwater can be directly discharged into receiving water bodies (such as rivers, lakes, etc.) or into the ground to…

Surface Disposal and Storage

Surface disposal refers to the stockpiling of sludge, faeces or other materials that cannot be used elsewhere. Once the material has been taken to a…

Biogas Combustion

In principal, biogas can be used like other fuel gas. When produced in household-level [8221-biogas reactors], it is most suitable for cooking.…

Co-Composting

Co-composting is the controlled aerobic degradation of organics, using more than one feedstock (faecal sludge and organic solid waste). Faecal…

Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies

The Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies was first published in 2008 during the International Year of Sanitation, and the Second Edition will be published in 2014. The document's popularity is its brevity - ordering and structuring a huge range of information on tried and tested technologies in a single document. As in the first edition we present only proven technologies that are appropriate for low- and middle-income settings. Also, we include only "improved" sanitation technologies, featuring safe, hygienic, and accessible sanitation. In this eCompendium edition we present the whole range of urban, peri-urban and rural technologies (e.g. from simple pits to conventional sewers).
Downloadable versions of the compendium are available in English, French, Spanish, Vietnamese, Korean (DPRK), Nepali and Arabic.
You can order a hardcopy or download the PDF here.
 

Funding Partners

Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)
www.deza.admin.ch

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Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC)
http://www.wsscc.org

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Created by

Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology
http://www.eawag.ch/forschung/sandec/index_EN
seecon international gmbh
http://www.seecon.ch
 
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The Sustainable Sanitation and Water Management Toolbox http://www.sswm.info
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