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Humanitarian Crises Perspective

Humanitarian Crises Perspective

Discover tools and approaches that help you promote sustainable sanitation and water management in humanitarian crises settings.

The Humanitarian Crisis Perspective to Sustainable Sanitation and Water Management is a key English-Arabic knowledge platform for practitioners involved in water, sanitation or hygiene-promotion activities in humanitarian crises, with a special focus on the Middle East and Northern Africa (MENA) region. It compiles over 170 factsheets of the SSWM Toolbox relevant to the context and includes more than 40 purposefully developed contents. It covers both hardware and software approaches and aims to support practitioners in planning, implementing and sustaining water, sanitation and hygiene promotion interventions in different settings of humanitarian intervention (such as Camps, Prolonged Encampments, Rural Settings and Urban Settings).

Background

This section provides you with important background information sustainable sanitation and water management in humanitarian crises. It includes an…
3 Factsheets
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Camps

The term camp refers to a form of settlement in which refugees or Internally Displaced People (IDPs) reside and receive protection, humanitarian…
108 Factsheets
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Prolonged Encampments

Although there is a common perception that refugee situations are a temporary phenomenon, it has become clear that protracted refugee situations are…
125 Factsheets
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Urban Settings

At the end of 2015, about six out of ten refugees lived in urban areas. Refugees and Internally Displaced People (IDPs) move to cities in hope for…
113 Factsheets
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Rural Settings

Rural communities commonly depend more on agricultural or pastoral livelihoods than their urban counterparts and usually have less access to…
110 Factsheets
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Bottled Water

Sales and consumption of bottled water have skyrocketed in recent years. The global consumption of bottled water reached 230 billion litres in 2010…

Double Ventilated Improved Pit (VIP)

The double VIP has almost the same design as the single VIP with the added advantage of a second pit that allows it to be used continuously and…

Fossa Alterna

The Fossa Alterna is a short cycle alternating, waterless (dry) double pit technology. Compared to the [8239-double VIP] which is just designed to…

Fossa Alterna

The Fossa Alterna is a short cycle alternating, waterless (dry) double pit technology. Compared to the [8239-double VIP] which is just designed to…

The Peepoo

The Peepoo is a self-sanitising biodegradable personal single-use toilet. It is especially suitable for urban slum areas and in emergency relief…

Urine-Diverting Flush Toilet (UDFT)

The urine-diverting flush toilet (UDFT) is similar in appearance to a cistern flush toilet except for the diversion in the bowl. The toilet bowl has…

Cistern Flush Toilet

The cistern flush toilet is usually made of porcelain and is a mass-produced, factory-made user interface. The flush toilet consists of a water tank…

Waterless Urinals and Flush Urinals

A urinal is used only for collecting urine. Urinals are generally for men, although models for women have also been developed. Most urinals use water…

Urinal

An urinal is used only for collecting urine. Urinals are generally for men, although models for women have also been developed. Most urinals use…

Dehydration and Storage

Dehydration by adding dry organic material and long-term storage at high ambient temperature is the simplest treatment in order to transform faeces…

Dehydration Vaults

Dehydration vaults are used to collect, store and dry (dehydrate) faeces. Faeces will only dehydrate when the vaults are well ventilated, watertight…

Twin Pits for Pour Flush

This technology consists of two alternating pits connected to a pour flush toilet. The blackwater (and in some cases greywater) is collected in the…

Imhoff Tank

The Imhoff tank is a primary treatment technology for raw wastewater, designed for solid-liquid separation and digestion of the settled sludge. It…

Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland

A horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlandis a large gravel and sand-filled basin that is planted with wetland vegetation. As wastewater flows…

Motorised Distribution

Where there is no or an insufficient supply of piped freshwater and drinking water, water has to be transported either by trucks or by human power.…

Background

This perspective was developed within the framework of the project “cewas Middle East”, supported by the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) and Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH. The objective of cewas Middle East is to improve business practices in water and sanitation in the Middle East and Northern Africa (MENA) region and to support humanitarian water and sanitation actors to improve the sustainability of their services. To achieve this mission, cewas Middle East offers professional training, coaching, mentorship and consulting in business development, as well as specialised trainings in sustainable water, sanitation and resource management in Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Iraq.

Content of the Perspective

Sustainable Sanitation and Water Management (SSWM) in Humanitarian Crises means mainstreaming ideas of long-term technical feasibility, socio-cultural acceptance, economic appropriateness and ecological viability into humanitarian actions (see A Call for Sustainable Humanitarian Intervention factsheet). The present toolbox compiles approaches and methodologies that can help field practitioners in humanitarian aid to enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of their water, sanitation and health interventions. This includes appropriate sanitation options, viable solutions for water supply and distribution, planning tools that support a more long-term perspective, as well as approaches for hygiene promotion.

 

Different settings of humanitarian intervention require different approaches in terms of implementation time, available resources or human capacity. For this reason, the toolbox for SSWM in Humanitarian Crises is structured in four chapters, reflecting four settings of humanitarian intervention:

Each chapter begins with an introductory factsheet that describes the respective setting (including its particular challenges and characteristics), followed by four thematic sections:

All the descriptions of technologies, tools and approaches are backed by interesting reading material to be consulted for further information.

In the four thematic areas, the toolbox presents a broad range of possible tools, selected for the respective setting by a team of experts. Since the appropriateness is determined by the very specific context, the environmental, technical, financial, social and economic framework conditions of the individual situation must always be assessed together with Stakeholder Identification and the affected communities when Project Design the intervention.

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Partners behind this toolbox

About the SSWM Toolbox

The perspective “SSWM in Humanitarian Crises” was developed by cewas middle east with the support of the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, Benaa Foundation, the Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology - Department Sanitation, Water and Solid Waste for Development (EAWAG/Sandec), the German Toilet Organisation (GTO), seecon gmbh and cewas international.

Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)

http://www.eda.admin.ch/sdc

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH

http://www.giz.de/en

Benaa Foundation

http://www.benaa-global.org

 

EAWAG/Sandec

http://www.eawag.ch/en/department/sandec/

 

GTO

http://www.germantoilet.org/en/home/news.html

 

Sustainable Sanitation Alliance (SuSanA)

http://www.susana.org

 

 

seecon gmbh

http://www.seecon.ch/en

cewas

http://cewas.org/

   
Created by:  

cewas middle east

http://www.cewasmiddleeast.org