This research brief discusses what it takes to bring about sustainable sanitation behavior change, cost-effectively, and at scale. Some of the findings: open defecation free (ODF) communities represent the most efficient model for scaling up sustainably; ODF outcomes that materialize late, after many months of triggering, should be subject to intensive verification and periodic recheck; and sanitation behavior change is difficult to ignite in riverbank and waterfront communities and special strategies are needed.
WSP (2011): Factors Associated with Achieving and Sustaining Open Defecation Free Communities: Learning from East Java. Washington, D.C.: Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) URL [Accessed: 06.02.2012]